The role of agriculture in the growth and development of societies throughout the world. Economic, social, and environmental problems of food production and resource needs in developing and advanced societies. CA 2.

3.00 credits
Prerequisites: None.
Grading Basis: Graded

Principles of Applied and Resource Economics (ARE 1150)

An introduction to microeconomic analysis with applications to food, nutrition, health, natural resources, and the environment. Topics include consumer and firm behavior, supply, demand, markets, and economic policy. CA 2.

3.00 credits
Prerequisites: Not open for credit to students who have passed ECON 1201.
Grading Basis: Graded

Environmental and Resource Policy (ARE 2434E)

Emergence of environmental policies from the local, legal, and regulatory angles. Formalization and structure of environmental policy with a focus on the hurdles, design, and implementation of policy, particularly air and water policy. Suitable for all majors.

3.00 credits
Prerequisites: None.
Grading Basis: Graded

Environmental Economics (ECON 3466E)

Application of economic reasoning to environmental issues. Topics include air and water pollution and the management of natural resources; market failure and environmental regulation; market-based mechanisms; cost-benefit analysis, environmental valuation, and program evaluation; environmental justice from an economic perspective.

3.00 credits
Prerequisites: ECON 2201 or 2211Q.
Grading Basis: Graded

Global Change Ecology (EEB 2100E)

Causes and ecological consequences of anthropogenic environmental change. Topics include: ecological consequences of human modification of the earth, sea and air; biotic responses to environmental change; and sustaining future ecosystems functions. CA 3.

3.00 credits
Prerequisites: None.
Grading Basis: Graded

Environmental Engineering Fundamentals (ENVE 2310E)

Course content focuses on concepts from aqueous chemistry, biology, and physics applied in a quantitative manner to environmental problems and solutions.

Course includes exploration of:

• Mass and energy balances.
• Chemical reaction engineering.
• Quantitative and fundamental description of water and air pollution problems.
• Environmental regulations and policy.
• Pollution prevention.
• Risk assessment.

Course activities include written and oral reports.

Also offered as: CE 2310E.

3.00 credits
Prerequisites: CHEM 1128Q or 1148Q.
Grading Basis: Graded

Introduction to Environmental Studies (EVST 1000E)

Interdisciplinary survey of relationships between humans and nature; investigation of specific environmental themes and contemporary issues. CA 2.

3.00 credits
Prerequisites: None.
Grading Basis: Graded

Climate Change: Current Geographic Issues (GEOG 2320E)

The science, impacts, and politics of climate change from a geographic perspective. Examination of physical mechanisms, extreme weather events, impacts on water, food and energy systems, impacts on polar regions, energy strategies and solutions, policy and negotiations, and mitigation and adaptation strategies. CA 2.

3.00 credits
Prerequisites: None.
Grading Basis: Graded

Introduction to Sustainable Cities (GEOG 2400E)

Course explores the cultural, environmental, and geopolitical history of the ocean from prehistory to the present and examines the impact of migration, industrialization, modernization, and globalization on the relationships between people and oceans. CA 1.

Also offered as: MAST 2210E.

3.00 credits
Prerequisites: None.
Grading Basis: Graded

Global Environmental History (HIST 2222E)

Transformations of the global environment since 1450: the effects of human practices and ideas, especially on energy, landscapes, and commodities. CA 1. CA 4-INT.

3.00 credits
Prerequisites: None.
Grading Basis: Graded

Environmental Science (NRE 1000E)

An introduction to basic concepts and areas of environmental concern and how these problems can be effectively addressed.

Topics include:

• Human population.
• Ecological principles.
• Conservation of biological resources.
• Biodiversity.
• Croplands, rangelands, forestlands.
• Soil and water conservation.
• Pollution and water management.
• Wildlife and fisheries conservation. 

Note: Content Area 3

3.00 credits
Prerequisites: None.
Grading Basis: Graded

Economics of the Oceans (MAST 2467E)

Economies of industries that use and manage ocean resources. Applications of industrial organization, law and economics, natural resource theory, and environmental economics.

Also offered as: ECON 2467E.

3.00 credits
Prerequisites: ECON 1200 or 1201 or ARE 1150.
Grading Basis: Graded

Environmental Conservation (NRE 1235E)

Course provides an overview of the history of natural resource use and environmental conservation policy development from prehistoric to present times.

An examination of the emergence of the 20th century conservation movement in North America and the transition to the environmental movement is used to highlight recurring environmental issue themes such as:

• Private ownership vs. public trust doctrine.
• Commercial trade in natural resources.
• Development vs. protection.
• Sustainability
• The role of society and governments in regulation.

Through selected readings and case studies, students are challenged to begin development of their personal ethics regarding the development, conservation and protection of the environment. 

Note: Content Area 3

3.00 credits
Prerequisites: None.
Grading Basis: Graded

Global Sustainable Natural Resources (NRE 2600E)

Sustainable management of natural resources across cultural, political, and ecological boundaries. Topics include marine and fresh waters, forests, food production, and urban development. CA 4-INT.

3.00 credits
Prerequisites: None.
Grading Basis: Graded

Environmental Philosophy (PHIL 1108E)